Beschreibung How Artifacts Afford: The Power and Politics of Everyday Things (Design Thinking, Design Theory). A conceptual update of affordance theory that introduces the mechanisms and conditions framework, providing a vocabulary and critical perspective.Technological affordances mediate between the features of a technology and the outcomes of engagement with that technology. The concept of affordances, which migrated from psychology to design with Donald Norman's influential 1988 book, The Design of Everyday Things, offers a useful analytical tool in technology studies—but, Jenny Davis argues in How Artifacts Afford, it is in need of a conceptual update. Davis provides just such an update, introducing the mechanisms and conditions framework, which offers both a vocabulary and necessary critical perspective for affordance analyses.The mechanisms and conditions framework shifts the question from what objects afford to how objects afford, for whom, and under what circumstances. Davis shows that through this framework, analyses can account for the power and politics of technological artifacts. She situates the framework within a critical approach that views technology as materialized action. She explains how request, demand, encourage, discourage, refuse, and allow are mechanisms of affordance, and shows how these mechanisms take shape through variable conditions—perception, dexterity, and cultural and institutional legitimacy.Putting the framework into action, Davis identifies existing methodological approaches that complement it, including critical technocultural discourse analysis (CTDA), app feature analysis, and adversarial design. In today's rapidly changing sociotechnical landscape, the stakes of affordance analyses are high. Davis's mechanisms and conditions framework offers a timely theoretical reboot, providing tools for the crucial tasks of both analysis and design.
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Do Artifacts Have Politics? ~ Do Artifacts Have Politics? In controversies about technology and society, there is no idea more pro vocative than the notion that technical things have political qualities. At issue is the claim that the machines, structures, and systems of modern material culture can be accurately judged not only for their contributions of efficiency and pro ductivity, not merely for their positive and .
The Design of Everyday Things: Revised and Expanded ~ The Design of Everyday Things shows that good, usable design is possible. The rules are simple: make things visible, exploit natural relationships that couple function and control, and make intelligent use of constraints. The goal: guide the user effortlessly to the right action on the right control at the right time.
Why Design Thinking Works - Harvard Business Review ~ Thatâs why design thinking calls for the creation of basic, low-cost artifacts that will capture the essential features of the proposed user experience. These are not literal prototypesâand .
The 7 Most Important Software Design Patterns / by The ~ For a comprehensive deep-dive into the subject of Software Design Patterns, check out Software Design Patterns: Best Practices for Developers, created by C.H. Afzal, a veteran software engineer .
'Design Is One of the Most Powerful Forces in Our Lives ~ âDesign is one of the most powerful forces in our lives, whether or not we are aware of it, and can also be inspiring, empowering and enlightening,â she explained to me. 16th-century Welsh .
Summary of Don Norman's Design Principles ~ Nearly all artifacts need some kind of mapping between controls and effects, whether it is a flashlight, car, power plant, or cockpit. An example of a good mapping between control and effect is the up and down arrows used to represent the up and down movement of the cursor, respectively, on a computer keyboard. Consistency â This refers to designing interfaces to have similar operations and .
Distributed Cognition - an overview / ScienceDirect Topics ~ If designing a new school, teachers wanted interactive whiteboards in all classrooms; laptops for every student; use of communication tools to connect parents, students, and teachers; and time for students to use technology every day. Teachers also report little use of technology for communication, as only 28% report using e-mail as a regular communication tool with their students; however, 79 .
How Does Art Influence Society? ~ This includes sharper critical thinking skills, as well as giving the brain a more openness to learning and experiencing more things. Art and Society Art also has utilitarian influences on society. There is a demonstrable, positive correlation between schoolchildren's grades in math and literacy, and their involvement with drama or music activities. Also, art brings people together and gives .
The Role of Leadership in Shaping Organizational Culture ~ Introduction Organizational culture is a set of rules and standards which lead to the behavior of its member through words, interpersonal relationships and gestures also the leadership is about .
Rhetorical Theory : Encyclopedia of Communication Theory ~ First, rhetorical theory now addresses all contexts in which symbol use occurs. No longer confined to the public domains of classical Greece for which rhetoric originally was designedâthe judicial context or court of law, the legislative or political realm, and the ceremonial or display functionâ rhetorical theorists study every kind of
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(PDF) Stakeholder Theory: The State of the Art ~ theory to discussions of economies within a political context, doing so makes truly problematic the concerns raised about the breadth of the theory and for what purposes it is being used (p. 491-2).
realism / Definition, Theories, & Facts / Britannica ~ Neorealism. Associated in particular with the American political scientist Kenneth Waltz, neorealism was an attempt to translate some of the key insights of classical realism into the language and methods of modern social science.In the Theory of International Politics (1979), Waltz argued that most of the important features of international relations, especially the actions of great powers .
The Cultural Web - Strategy Tools from MindTools ~ With the picture of your current cultural web complete, now's the time to repeat the process, thinking about the culture that you want. Starting from your organization's strategy, think about how you want the organization's culture to look, if everything were to be correctly aligned, and if you were to have the ideal corporate culture. 3 .
Importance Of History - eNotes ~ These critical thinking skills are important for all areas in life, academic and otherwise. Historians also write a great deal; a study of history allows one to practice writing for different .
The Systems View of Life: : Capra, Fritjof ~ The Systems View of Life / Capra, Fritjof / ISBN: 9781316616437 / Kostenloser Versand fĂŒr alle BĂŒcher mit Versand und Verkauf duch .
The Power of Nudges, for Good and Bad - The New York Times ~ Nudges, small design changes that can markedly affect individual behavior, have been catching on. These techniques rely on insights from behavioral science, and when used ethically, they can be .
Changing minds - How we change what others think,believe ~ Added Homogenizing to Thinking. Added Change Without Resistance: Podcast series and article on generating buy-in with systems thinking to Guest articles. Added The Power of Credibility in Politics (and How This is Not Always Enough) to Blog! 03-Nov-19. Added Equality and Entitlement to Articles on Politics.
Culture, Leadership, Performance: How Are They Linked? ~ Every organization has its own culture. And Iâm not referring to the kind you find in a cup of yogurt. Rather than recite an esoteric definition, which would sound like gobbledygook anyway, let .
Design Research / The MIT Press ~ How the tools of design research can involve designers more directly with objects, products and services they design; from human-centered research methods to formal experimentation, process models, and application to real world design problems. The tools of design research, writes Brenda Laurel, will allow designers "to claim and direct the power of their profession."
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How Values-Based Leadership Transforms Organizational Cultures ~ Navigating organizational change requires a different kind of leadership. Values-based leadership is a core fundamental aspect for communicating a powerful change vision and engaging the team in .
2.2 Media Effects Theories â Understanding Media and Culture ~ This theory helps media researchers better understand the field because of the important role the media plays in creating and propagating shared symbols. Because of the mediaâs power, it can construct symbols on its own. By using symbolic interactionist theory, researchers can look at the ways media affects a societyâs shared symbols and .
The power of language: How words shape people, culture ~ At Stanford, linguistics scholars seek to determine what is unique and universal about the language we use, how it is acquired and the ways it changes over time.